What does the term "groupthink" refer to?

The term "groupthink" refers to a psychological phenomenon where the desire for harmony and conformity within a group leads to irrational decision-making. When group members prioritize consensus over critical evaluation of alternatives, this can result in poor decisions and a lack of realistic appraisal of situations. Groupthink often occurs in cohesive groups where members suppress dissenting viewpoints, fail to consider outside opinions, and prioritize agreement over individuality.

This concept highlights the risks of unchallenged conformity, particularly in high-pressure environments, where the fear of disrupting group cohesion prevents members from voicing concerns or alternative viewpoints. The adverse effects of groupthink can include a narrow focus on a single course of action, overlooking potential problems, and ultimately leading to disastrous outcomes. Understanding groupthink is crucial for improving decision-making processes and encouraging constructive dialogue in groups.