What is confirmation bias?

Confirmation bias refers to the cognitive tendency to interpret and remember information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses. This cognitive bias affects how individuals gather information, favoring data that aligns with their views while discounting or ignoring evidence that contradicts those views.

For instance, if someone believes that a particular dietary regimen is highly effective, they are more likely to pay attention to studies and testimonials that support the success of that regimen and may overlook or dismiss research that suggests otherwise. This bias can lead to a skewed understanding of reality, as individuals may only focus on information that fits neatly within their existing cognitive frameworks.

Understanding confirmation bias is crucial in psychology, as it not only influences personal decision-making but also affects broader societal issues, including polarizing debates around topics such as politics and health. Recognizing this tendency can help individuals strive for a more balanced view by actively seeking diverse viewpoints and evidence.