What is the definition of attachment theory?

Attachment theory is a psychological framework that focuses on the dynamics of long-term interpersonal relationships, particularly the bonds between caregivers and children. Developed by John Bowlby and later expanded by Mary Ainsworth, attachment theory posits that the emotional connections formed in early life significantly influence an individual's emotional and social development throughout their lifespan.

In this context, the theory outlines how secure or insecure attachment styles can affect relationships later on. It emphasizes the importance of consistent and responsive caregiving in establishing a sense of security and trust, fostering healthy relationships in adulthood. By understanding how early attachment experiences shape an individual’s approach to relationships, mental health professionals can help clients navigate their interpersonal dynamics more effectively.

The focus on long-term interpersonal relationships highlights the lasting impact of early attachments, distinguishing this theory from others that may concentrate on short-term or solely behavioral aspects without considering emotional connections.