What is the definition of psychology?

The definition of psychology as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes is accurate because it encompasses both the observable actions of individuals and the internal cognitive functions that contribute to those actions. This definition highlights the dual focus of psychology, which involves empirical research and methodology to understand how both environmental factors and mental states influence human behavior.

Psychology as a discipline draws upon scientific methods to gather data, conduct experiments, and analyze findings, ensuring that the insights derived are based on observable evidence rather than solely on subjective interpretation. This scientific approach is essential for establishing credible theories and practices in psychology, which can be applied in various fields such as clinical, cognitive, social, and developmental psychology.

The other options focus on narrower aspects of psychology or related fields. While the study of human relationships is an important area within psychology, it does not capture the entire breadth of the field. A philosophical approach might influence psychological theories, but psychology is distinct in its reliance on scientific methodology. Lastly, the practice of clinical therapy and counseling represents a practical application of psychological principles but does not define the broader field of psychology itself.