What psychological approach focuses on free will and self-actualization?

The correct response is humanistic psychology, which emphasizes the concepts of free will and self-actualization. This psychological approach emerged as a reaction to the deterministic views of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. Humanistic psychologists believe that individuals have the inherent capacity for growth and personal development. Central to this perspective is the idea that people are not solely driven by external stimuli or unconscious impulses, but rather have the ability to make choices that shape their own lives and paths toward achieving their fullest potential.

Humanistic psychology also underscores the importance of subjective experience and the individual's perspective, emphasizing values such as empathy, authenticity, and personal meaning. It promotes the idea that everyone has the ability to strive for self-actualization, which refers to the realization of one's talents and potential, and to pursue personal goals that lead to fulfillment and happiness. This approach has greatly influenced therapeutic practices, fostering an environment where individuals can explore their thoughts and feelings in a supportive context.