What type of graph displays the relationship between two variables through a cluster of dots?

A scatterplot is the type of graph that effectively displays the relationship between two variables by plotting individual data points as clusters of dots. Each dot represents an observation, with its position determined by the values of the two variables being analyzed. This allows viewers to easily observe patterns, correlations, or trends in the data, such as whether one variable tends to increase or decrease along with the other.

In the context of scatterplots, if the dots form a pattern that slopes upward, it indicates a positive correlation, while a downward slope suggests a negative correlation. Additionally, a random scatter of dots with no discernible pattern implies little to no correlation between the variables. This visual representation is particularly useful in fields such as psychology, social sciences, and any other area where understanding the relationship between two datasets is crucial.

Other types of graphs, like histograms, line graphs, and bar graphs, serve different functions. Histograms display frequency distributions, line graphs show trends over time, and bar graphs compare quantities across categories or groups. These other graph types do not represent the relationship between two continuous variables in the way that a scatterplot does.