What type of sampling is characterized by being neither random nor systematic, but rather governed by chance or convenience?

The correct answer, convenience sampling, refers to a method of sampling where participants are selected based on their easy availability and proximity to the researcher. This approach typically involves selecting individuals who are easiest to reach, which means that the sample may not be representative of the broader population.

In convenience sampling, the selection is influenced by factors such as time constraints or resource availability, making it a less structured method compared to random or systematic sampling. The nature of convenience sampling often leads to biases, as it does not give every individual an equal chance of being included, which can limit the generalizability of the findings. This sampling method is particularly useful in exploratory research where the researcher seeks to obtain quick insights or when resources are limited, but it is important to be aware of its limitations regarding representativeness and potential bias in the results.

Stratified sampling, on the other hand, involves dividing the population into subgroups and ensuring that specific segments are represented proportionately in the sample. Random sampling entails selecting subjects in such a way that every individual has an equal chance of being included, ensuring a more unbiased representation. Systematic sampling involves selecting every nth member from a randomly ordered list, providing a structured approach that still maintains randomness. These methods contrast with convenience sampling